The most well-known eating disorder is anorexia nervosa. It normally occurs in puberty or early adulthood, and it affects more women than men. Even if they are dangerously underweight, people with anorexia classify themselves as overweight. They prefer to keep a close eye on their weight, avoid certain foods, and severely limit their calorie intake.
Symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder are often common. Many people with anorexia, for example, are preoccupied with food all of the time, and some may obsessively collect recipes. These people may also have a hard time eating in public and have a strong need to monitor their surroundings, which restricts their ability to be spontaneous.
Anorexia is officially categorized into two subtypes: the restricting type and the binge eating — purging type.
Dieting, fasting, or excessive exercise are the ways for people with the restricting disorder type to lose weight. People who have binge eating and purging type, may eat a lot of food or eat very little. In both cases, they “detox” after eating by vomiting, taking laxatives or diuretics or engaging in excessive exercise. Anorexia can be particularly dangerous to one’s health. Individuals with it can experience bone thinning, infertility, brittle hair and nails, and the development of a fine hair layer all over their body over time.
In worst cases, anorexia can result in heart, brain, or multi-organ failure or even death.
Despite the fact that anorexia nervosa has the highest mortality rate of any psychiatric disorder, available pharmacological therapies are largely unsuccessful, owing to a lack of understanding of the neurobiological drivers that underpin the condition. The eating disorder might be linked to serotonergic signaling and cognitive inflexibility.
The potential for classical psychedelics, such as psilocybin, to relieve symptoms of anorexia nervosa has been demonstrated by a recent revival of research into the clinical uses of psychedelic medicine for a number of mental disorders.
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